• Quality Indicators are a set of measures that provide a perspective on hospital quality of care using hospital administrative data. These indicators reflect quality of care inside hospitals and include inpatient mortality for certain procedures and medical conditions; utilization of procedures for which there are questions of overuse, underuse, and misuse; and volume of procedures for which there is some evidence that a higher volume of procedures is associated with lower mortality.
  Although quality assessments based on administrative data cannot be definitive, they can be used to flag potential quality problems and success stories, which can then be further investigated and studied. Hospital associations, individual hospitals, purchasers, regulators, and policymakers at the local, State, and central levels can use readily available hospital administrative data to begin the assessment of quality of care.
  1. Hospital-level Patient Safety Indicators
  · Complications of anesthesia
  · Death in low mortality DRGs
  · Decubitus ulcer
  · Failure to rescue
  · Foreign body left in during procedure
  · Iatrogenic pneumothorax
  · Selected infections due to medical care
  · Postoperative hip fracture
  · Postoperative hemorrhage or hematoma
  · Postoperative physiologic and metabolic derangements
  · Postoperative respiratory failure
  · Postoperative pulmonary embolism or deep vein thrombosis
  · Postoperative sepsis
  · Postoperative wound dehiscence in abdominopelvic surgical patients
  · Accidental puncture and laceration
  · Transfusion reaction
  · Birth trauma -- injury to neonate
  · Obstetric trauma -- vaginal delivery with instrument
  · Obstetric trauma -- vaginal delivery without instrument
  · Obstetric trauma -- cesarean delivery
  · Foreign body left in during procedure
  2. Hospital-level Procedure Utilization Rates
  · Cesarean section delivery
  · Primary Cesarean delivery
  · Vaginal Birth After Cesarean (VBAC), Uncomplicated
  · VBAC, All
  · Laparoscopic cholecystectomy
  · Incidental appendectomy in the elderly
  · Bi-lateral cardiac catheterization
  · Coronary artery bypass graft
  · Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
  · Hysterectomy
  · Laminectomy or spinal fusion
  · Esophageal resection
  · Pancreatic resection
  · Abdominal aortic aneurysm repair
  · Carotid endarterectomy
  
  3.Mortality indicators
  
  a.Mortality Rates for Medical Conditions
  Acute myocardial infarction
  Congestive heart failure
  Stroke
  Gastrointestinal hemorrhage
  Hip fracture
  Pneumonia
  b.Mortality Rates for Surgical Procedures
  Esophageal resection
  Pancreatic resection
  Abdominal aortic aneurysm repair
  Coronary artery bypass graft
  Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
  Carotid endarterectomy
  Craniotomy
  Hip replacement
  
  ADMINISTRATIVE INDICATORS
  Patient satisfaction score
  Employees satisfaction score
  Employees turnover
  Admission rate
  Cost effectiveness of services
  
  Utilization rate of services
  Equipment Down time
  
  Patient fall rate
  Sentinel events rate
  Hospital infection
  Bed occupancy
  Waiting Time in OPD
  
  
  Importance of Quality Indicators:
  These are used to help hospitals identify potential problem areas that might need further study.
  Provide the opportunity to assess quality of care inside the hospital using administrative data found in the typical discharge record.
  
  These are used to support accountability, regulation and accreditation
  
  These are used for Benchmarking and marketing purposes
  
  
  These allow the organization to see how it is performing relative to its strategic plans for improvement.